小学英语语法 There be句型的讲解

There be句型是小学英语教学中的重要内容。表示某处存在某(物)人。基本结构为“There be +某物(某人)+某地(某时)”。

There is a table in the room. 房间里有一张桌子。

There are some birds on the tree. 树上有很多鸟。

一、 There be句型的结构：

1.（一）There is+单数可数+地点状语

例：There is a ruler on the desk. 书桌上有一把尺。

（二）There are+复数主语+地点状语

例：There are four apples on the tree. 树上有四个苹果。

There are some flowers in the park. 公园里有许多花。

例：There is some water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些水。 （水是不可数名词）

2. There be选择就近原则：

There be句型的就近原则是There be句型中语法项目的重点考点。There be句型中be动词的单复数形式由最挨近的一项的单复数决定。

如：There is a pen, two books and many pencils on the desk.

在本句中尽管有钢笔、书和铅笔，但是由于离be动词最近的一项是单数a pen，因此，be动词用单数is。

（一）There be 句型的疑问

1. 在“There is/are…”的疑问句中,要把Be动词放在there之前,并将句号变问号。难点:句中出现的some要改成any。

2. 肯定回答为：Yes, there is/are.

3. 否定回答为: No, there isn’t/aren’t.

可数名词单数 1.

肯定句There is an apple on the tree.

疑问句 Is there an apple on the tree?

肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.

可数名词复数2.

肯定句There are five pens on the desk.

疑问句Are there five pens on the desk?

肯定回答: Yes, there are. 否定回答 No, there aren’t.

不可数名词的时候 3.

肯定句 There is some water in the cup. （水是不可数名词）

肯定回答: Yes, there is. 否定回答: No, there isn’t.

三、There be 句型的否定形式

但要注意的是句中如果出现some则改成any.

1.There is a knife in the kitchen. 否定:There is not a knife in the kitchen.

2.There are five apples on the tree. 否定:There are not five apples on the tree.

3.There is some ink in the bottle. 否定:There is not any ink in the bottle. （ink是墨水，不可数名词）

4.There are some birds singing in the tree. 否定:There are not any birds singing in the tree.