动名词的作用-艾瑞克网

1、作主语

1)、直接位于句首做主语。

例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer.

例如：It is no use telling him not to worry.

3)、动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较：动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较： Smoking is not good for health. It is not good for you to smoke so much.

2、作表语

Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。(Cleaning the windows is your task.)

What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。 (Being laughed at is what I hate most.)

3、作定语

动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如： a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing 。

4、作宾语

例：We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。

5、有些词后只能接动名词，不能跟不定式。 allow;avoid; celebrate; consider; discontinue; dislike; enjoy; escape; excuse; explain; feel like; finish; forgive; can’t help; imagine; keep; it means;mind; miss; practice; prevent;等

6、另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用短语。 spend money/time; think of， give up， put off， insist on， be good at， do well in， can’t help， keep on， feel like， be tired (afraid， capable， fond) of， look forward to, be used to, devote oneself to, stick to, respond to, look forward to,

7、有些词后面加不定式和动名词均可，例如：remember, forget, try, stop, go on, stop,regret,, mean后面均可用不定式和-ing形式，但意义截然不容。例： like doing sth 表经常性动作like to do sth表习惯性动作;

stop doing sth,停止正在做的事情stop to do sth停下来做另外一件事; remember,forget,regret的不定时结构指后于谓语动词的动作，动词的ing形式则先于谓语动词的动作 remember to do/doing： ①I remembered to post the letters.(指未来/过去未来将要做的动作) ②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我记得做过这个动作)

try to(努力)与try +–ing(试验)： ①I tried not to go there.(我设法不去那里)

②I tried doing it again.(我试着又干了一次);go on to do sth继续做某事(不是同一件事)， go on doing sth继续做某事(同一件事);